Evaluation of <i>in vitro</i> cytotoxicity of superparamagnetic poly(thioether-ester) nanoparticles on erythrocytes, non-tumor (NIH3T3), tumor (HeLa) cells and hyperthermia studies

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles encapsulated in biocompatible and biodegradable polymeric matrices are promising materials for biomedical applications, such as transport of antitumoral drugs and cancer treatment by hyperthermia. In this study, biobased poly(thioether-ester), PTEe, was obtained by thiol-ene polymerization and superparamagnetic nanoparticles, MNPs, were successfully incorporated in PTEe nanoparticles by miniemulsification followed by solvent evaporation. MNPs-PTEe nanoparticles with average diameter around 150 nm presented superparamagnetic behavior as confirmed by magnetization curves analysis. MNPs-PTEe nanoparticles did not present hemolytic damage on human red blood cells when incubated for 24 h. According to the cell viability assays, nanoparticles did not present any cytotoxic effect on murine fibroblast cell (NIH3T3) and human cervical cancer (HeLa). Hyperthermia assays were applied, demonstrating that AC magnetic field application (110 KHz-500 Oe) for 20 min significantly reduced the cells viability. The morphology evaluation of HeLa showed a hypoxia region one hour after hyperthermia application. Therefore, the results indicated that the superparamagnetic poly(thioether-ester) nanoparticles can be an excellent alternative for the targeted delivery of antitumor drugs and cancer treatment for hyperthermia.