In vitro Callus as a Model System for the Study of Plant Stress-Resistance to Abiotic Factors (on the Example of Cereals)

Abstract

The data on various aspects of the use of cereals callus cultures in vitro as model systems for the study of the plant stress-resistance to abiotic factors are presented. The focus is on studies of in vitro calli for the assessment of plant stress-resistance to drought stress. The advantages and limitations of callus cultures in vitro are considered as experimental methods to obtain stress-resistant regenerants. The issue of studying anti-stress effects in callus cultures in vitro is analyzed. The prospects of studying the mechanisms of the action of abiotic stressors and their resistance in plants at the cellular and tissue levels in the model conditions of in vitro callus culture are shown. It is emphasized that the basis for the use of calli as model systems is both the important role of the cell in all of the morphogenetic events of the plant organism in vivo and in vitro and the similarity of responses of plants in vivo, calli in vitro, and calli regenerants in vitro and ex vitro.