Stabilizing Lithium into Cross‐Stacked Nanotube Sheets with an Ultra‐High Specific Capacity for Lithium Oxygen Batteries

Abstract

Abstract Although lithium–oxygen batteries possess a high theoretical energy density and are considered as promising candidates for next‐generation power systems, the enhancement of safety and cycling efficiency of the lithium anodes while maintaining the high energy storage capability remains difficult. Here, we overcome this challenge by cross‐stacking aligned carbon nanotubes into porous networks for ultrahigh‐capacity lithium anodes to achieve high‐performance lithium–oxygen batteries. The novel anode shows a reversible specific capacity of 3656 mAh g −1 , approaching the theoretical capacity of 3861 mAh g −1 of pure lithium. When this anode is employed in lithium–oxygen full batteries, the cycling stability is significantly enhanced, owing to the dendrite‐free morphology and stabilized solid–electrolyte interface. This work presents a new pathway to high performance lithium–oxygen batteries towards practical applications by designing cross‐stacked and aligned structures for one‐dimensional conducting nanomaterials.