Postoperative complications of hypospadias repair in patients receiving caudal block vs. non-caudal anesthesia: A meta-analysis

Abstract

Our meta-analysis of poor-quality evidence may have revealed a significant association between caudal block and postoperative complications following hypospadias repair. However, subgroup analysis demonstrated that hypospadias severity is important in determining complication rates, suggesting that confounding factors and selection bias may play a central role in characterizing the true effect of the anesthesia approach.