<i>TP53</i> and DNA-repair gene polymorphisms genotyping as a low-cost lung adenocarcinoma screening tool

Abstract

Aim TP53 and DNA repair polymorphisms have been proposed as cancer risk factors. This study evaluated the usability of TP53 Arg72Pro single-nucleotide polymorphism, X RCC1 Arg399Gln and RAD51 G135C as a low-cost lung adenocarcinoma screening tool. Patients and methods This case–control study included 78 atients with lung adenocarcinoma and 79 healthy matched controls. TP53 , XRCC1 and RAD51 genotyping was done by PCR followed by restriction length polymorphism. Descriptive analyses included genotype and allelic frequencies and deviations of the frequencies from those expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were assessed using the χ 2 test. The OR and 95% CIs were calculated as an estimate of relative risk, with significance set at p value &lt;0.05. Results The TP53 codon 72 Pro allele and the XRCC1 codon 399 Arg allele in a homozygous state were associated with lung adenocarcinoma (p=0.037; OR (95% CI) 2.42 (1.10 to 5.31)), that is, p=0.037; OR (95% CI) 2.16 (1.08 to 4.33), respectively. Also, carriers of the TP53 codon 72 Pro allele and the XRCC1 codon 399 ArgArg genotype older than 50 showed an even higher risk of developing lung adenocarcinoma (p=0.03 in both cases). Conclusions The TP53 codon 72 Arg allele and XRCC1 codon 399 Gln allele are likely to have a protective effect against lung adenocarcinoma, especially in individuals older than 50 years of age. XRCC1 and TP53 genotyping might be a useful low-cost tool for evaluating individual lung cancer risk, leading to earlier detection and management of this disease.