Enhanced Detectivity and Suppressed Dark Current of Perovskite–InGaZnO Phototransistor via a PCBM Interlayer

Abstract

Hybrid phototransistors based on InGaZnO (IGZO) metal oxide thin-film transistors (TFT) and a photoabsorbing capping layer such as perovskite (MAPbI₃) are a promising low-cost device for developing advanced X-ray and UV flat-panel imagers. However, it is found that the introduction of MAPbI₃ inevitably damages the IGZO channel layer during fabrication, leading to deteriorated TFT characteristics such as off-current rising and threshold voltage shift. Here, we report an effective approach for improving the performance of the perovskite-IGZO phototransistor by inserting a [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) or PCBM:PMMA interlayer between the patterned MAPbI₃ and IGZO. The interlayer effectively prevents the IGZO from damage by the perovskite fabrication process, while allowing efficient charge transfer for photosensing. In this configuration, we have achieved a high-detectivity (1.35 × 10¹² Jones) perovskite-IGZO phototransistor with suppressed off-state drain current (∼10 pA) in the dark. This work points out the importance of interface engineering for realizing higher performance and reliable heterogeneous phototransistors.