Bioactive xanthoquinodins and epipolythiodioxopiperazines from <i>Chaetomium globosum</i> 7s-1, an endophytic fungus isolated from <i>Rhapis cochinchinensis</i> (Lour.) Mart

Abstract

A new xanthoquinodin B9 (<b>1</b>), together with two known xanthoquinodins, xanthoquinodin A1 (<b>2</b>) and xanthoquinodin A3 (<b>3</b>), three epipolythiodioxopiperazines, chetomin (<b>4</b>), chaetocochin C (<b>5</b>) and dethio-tetra(methylthio)chetomin (<b>6</b>), and four other compounds, chrysophanol (<b>7</b>), emodin (<b>8</b>), alatinone (<b>9</b>), and ergosterol (<b>10</b>) were isolated from the endophytic fungus <i>Chaetomium globosum</i> 7s-1, isolated from <i>Rhapis cochinchinensis</i> (Lour.) Mart. All isolated structures were established based on their spectroscopic data analyses. Compounds <b>1-6</b> showed antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria with MICs ranging from 0.02 pM to 10.81 µM. Compounds <b>1-6</b> also exhibited cytotoxicity against KB, MCF-7 and NCI-H187 cancer cell lines (IC₅₀ 0.04-18.40 µM). However, they were cytotoxic towards a normal cell line (<i>Vero</i> cell) with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.04 to 3.86 µM.