A Test of the Functional Theory of Human Values in Egypt

Abstract

This study attempted to test the functional theory of values using the Basic Value Survey (BVS) and a new instrument named the Egyptian Basic Value Survey (EBVS) in Egypt. In study one, the BVS was used to test the content, structure, and compatibility hypotheses with a sample of 563 business students. In study two, the same hypotheses were tested with the EBVS and a new sample of 466 business students. In both studies, participants completed the paper and pencil survey in the classroom. Results supported the content and structure hypotheses. With regards to the compatibility hypothesis, all values were compatible, though age did not affect the degree of compatibility. Overall, the functional theory of values was partially supported. Notably, the study showed how central values can be a reference source for other values. Additionally, the study indicated the weakness of the thriving/survival dimension. Recommendations for future research directions are provided.