Distribution and Assessment of Fe and Mn in the Coastal Sediments of Sendang Biru, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

The high presence of heavy metals in sediment can affect the ecological and biological systems in East Java Indonesia. To monitor the environmental status of Fe and Mn, we investigated geochemical fraction and distribution of these metals at 8 sites in the sediment of Sendang Biru. BCR and Tessier sequential leaching methods were applied to leach Fe and Mn, respectively, due to high precision and accuracy of these methods. The pattern of geochemical fractions in sediment samples showed the maximum leached levels of Fe and Mn (>50%) in residual fractions in Sendang Biru Beach, indicating the natural effects surrounding sites. The portions of Fe and Mn in non-residual fractions located at Sendang Biru Port were higher compared with the site in the adjacent sea, indicating these metals were derived possibly from anthropogenic effects. The assessment from CF and Igeo calculations of Fe and Mn in sediment samples showed that the sediment near the Sendang Biru Port was moderately contaminated by Fe and Mn.