Multifunctional Wearable System that Integrates Sweat‐Based Sensing and Vital‐Sign Monitoring to Estimate Pre‐/Post‐Exercise Glucose Levels

TLDR

Wearable bioelectronic technologies have advanced personalized health management via non‑invasive monitoring, yet current systems cannot simultaneously capture biochemical and physiological data, limiting integrated analysis and clinical use. This study reports an integrated multifunctional wearable system combining a disposable sweat‑based glucose sensor with a smart band. The system electrochemically measures sweat glucose while continuously recording heart rate, SpO₂, and activity, and it evaluates multiple sweat collection sites and generation methods across subjects to optimize monitoring protocols. Combining sweat glucose and vital‑sign data enables reliable estimation of pre‑ and post‑exercise blood glucose levels and changes, providing critical information to prevent hypoglycemic shock and offering a comprehensive personalized health management strategy.

Abstract

Abstract Wearable bioelectronic technologies have made significant progresses in personalized health management through non‐invasive monitoring of health indicators. However, current wearable systems cannot measure biochemical information and physiological signals simultaneously, which limits integrated data analysis and their widespread clinical applications. Here, an integrated multifunctional wearable health management system composed of a disposable sweat‐based glucose sensing strip and a wearable smart band is reported. The integrated system with control software electrochemically analyzes sweat glucose levels and continuously monitors vital signs (i.e., heart rate, blood oxygen saturation level, and physical activity). Different sweat collecting sites and sweat generation methods are tested in short‐ and long‐term studies with multiple human subjects by using the developed wearable system, leading to optimized protocols for health monitoring. By combining sweat glucose data and physiological monitoring data, pre‐ and post‐exercise blood glucose levels and blood glucose changes resulting from physical activities are reliably estimated, providing key information for preventing hypoglycemic shock during intense exercise. The integrated wearable system offers a novel comprehensive personalized health management strategy through combined analysis of key metabolic and physiological health indicators.