Phenolic content analysis in<i>Psidium guajava</i>leaves powder by HPLC‐DAD system and in vivo renoprotective and antioxidant activities in fludrocortisone acetate‐induced rats

Abstract

The present study evaluated the phytochemical constituents, in vivo antioxidant and renoprotective activities of guava leaf powder in the fludrocortisone acetate (FCA)- and salt-induced experimental animal model. High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection analysis of guava leaf extract showed the presence of antioxidants such as gallic acid, (+)-catechin, (–)-epicatechin, and ellagic acid. FCA administration in rats increased oxidative stress parameters such as malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and advanced protein oxidation product in plasma, heart, and kidney tissues compared to the control rats. These oxidative stress markers were significantly reduced by guava leaf powder supplementation. Guava leaf powder supplementation also ameliorated increased creatinine and uric acid concentrations in plasma of FCA-administered rats. Antioxidant enzyme levels were also significantly improved by guava leaf powder supplementation. Our investigation suggests that the presence of phenolic compounds in the Psidium guajava leaves is responsible for the antioxidant and renoprotective activities. Practical applications Guava leaves possess high amount of phenolic compounds and antioxidants, like guava fruits. In some society, guava leaves are used as alternative to tea drinks and as folkloric medicine. Our investigation showed potential evidences about the renoprotective activity of guava leaves powder supplementation. This result will allow the farmers and food technologists to develop new value-added product based on guava leaves.