Polarization-insensitive wide-angle-reception metasurface with simplified structure for harvesting electromagnetic energy

Abstract

This paper reports the design, fabrication, and measurement of a metasurface with wide-angle-reception and polarization-insensitive characteristics for harvesting electromagnetic energy. Unlike the metasurface unit cell with multiple vias reported in the literature, it realizes polarization-insensitive characteristics using a single via, which reduces the complexity of the structure significantly. The harvesting and absorption efficiencies at the normal and oblique incidences, energy distribution, and the surface current for different polarization angles are investigated. The simulation results show that the maximum harvesting efficiency is 88% at the center frequency of 5.8 GHz for the arbitrary polarization at the normal incidence of 0°. Within the oblique incidence range of 75°, the maximum efficiency remains higher than 77% for the random polarization. A 5 × 5 array has been fabricated and measured, and the good agreement with the simulated results is obtained.