Narrow-Width Periodic Leaky-Wave Antenna Array for Endfire Radiation Based on Hansen–Woodyard Condition

Abstract

This communication presents a periodic leaky-wave antenna array with the advantages of a high endfire gain at the center frequency and a stable endfire radiation beam over the entire operating band. The antenna has a narrow width and consists of multiple monopoles located on the microstrip line. It can be fabricated by line-cutting copper strips. The antenna has a high endfire gain because it is a leaky-wave antenna designed based on the Hansen-Woodyard condition. With a length of 5.5λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> and a width of 0.33λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> , a measured endfire gain of 12.9 dBi is achieved at the center frequency of 5 GHz. Good matching and stable endfire radiation beams are achieved over the entire operating band from 4.5 to 5.5 GHz. Good agreement between the measurement and the simulation has been obtained.