Second-order statistics of a partially coherent electromagnetic rotating elliptical Gaussian vortex beam through non-Kolmogorov turbulence

Abstract

Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, analytical formulas for the cross-spectral density matrix elements of a partially coherent electromagnetic rotating elliptical Gaussian vortex (PCEREGV) beam through non-Kolmogorov turbulence are derived and the corresponding second-order statistics are investigated numerically. The numerical calculations of the PCEREGV beam are first developed to validate the correctness of the analytical results. Our findings show that the transverse spectrum density with an initially elliptical annular shape splits into two light spots during the beam propagation. By choosing appropriate parameters of the beam and the turbulence, we can maximize the spectrum density and control the spectral states of coherence and polarization so as to alleviate the influence of the turbulent atmosphere effectively.