Acute dacryocystitis complicated by orbital cellulitis and loss of vision: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Acute dacryocystitis usually presents as a pre-septal cellulitis since the lacrimal sac lies anterior to the orbital septum. Orbital cellulitis secondary to acute dacryocystitis is very rare due to a variety of anatomic barriers to the orbit but can occur and result in abscess formation with risk of visual compromise. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We describe a case of otherwise healthy adult who presented with complete visual loss following orbital cellulitis and abscess formation secondary to acute dacryocystitis. The clinical, radiological, intraoperative and postoperative findings are discussed. DISCUSSION: Typically, orbital cellulitis responds well to systemic antibiotic and surgical drainage without permanent visual loss. There are 7 cases reported in the literature of acute dacryocystitis complicated by permanent visual loss. CONCLUSION: Patients with acute dacryocystitis need to be carefully monitored for signs of orbital cellulitis. Prompt recognition and appropriate treatment of this condition are essential.