Traffic-Related Air Pollution, <i>APOE</i> ε4 Status, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes among School Children Enrolled in the BREATHE Project (Catalonia, Spain)

Abstract

PAHs, EC, and NO₂ were associated with higher behavior problem scores, smaller reductions in inattentiveness over time, and smaller caudate volume in <i>APOE</i>ε4 allele carriers in our study population, and corresponding associations were weak or absent among ε4 noncarriers. These findings support a potential role of <i>APOE</i> in biological mechanisms that may contribute to associations between air pollution and neurobehavioral outcomes in children. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2246.