In silico-guided sequence modifications of K-ras epitopes improve immunological outcome against G12V and G13D mutant <i>KRAS</i> antigens

Abstract

In silico-guided predictions of mutated K-ras T- and B-cell epitopes were successful in identifying two immunogens with high predictive scores, Th-bias cytokine induction and IgG-specific stimulation. Developments of such immunogens are potentially useful for future immunotherapeutic and diagnostic applications against <i>KRAS</i>(+) malignancies, monoclonal antibody production, and various other research and development initiatives.