Synthesis and Characterization of Fe₃O₄Nanoparticles for Nanofluid Applications-A Review

Abstract

In this review, Fe3O4 metal oxide nanoparticle-water is used as nanofluids coolant for modern engine. The enhancement of thermal conductive mostly depends on size of metal oxide nanoaprticles-water nanofluids. The major factors which control the thermal conductivity are (a) particles distribution of nanoparticles; (b) concentration of nanoparticles, (c) type of solvents, and (d) temperature and mixture of nanoparticles. The Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized by a co- precipitation method using sodium citrate and oleic acid as modifiers. Phase composition and microstructure analysis indicate that the sodium citrate and oleic acid have been successfully grafted onto the surface of Fe3O4 MNPs. The magnetic behaviors reveal that the modification can decrease the saturation magnetization of Fe3O4 MNPs due to the surface effect.