Non-Esterified Fatty Acids Over-Activate the TLR2/4-NF-Κb Signaling Pathway to Increase Inflammatory Cytokine Synthesis in Neutrophils from Ketotic Cows

Abstract

High concentrations of NEFAs can over-activate the TLR2/4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway to induce the over-production of proinflammatory cytokines, thereby increasing inflammation in cows with clinical ketosis.