Genipin-Crosslinked Donor Sclera for Posterior Scleral Contraction/Reinforcement to Fight Progressive Myopia

Abstract

Purpose: Myopia has become a global public health problem, particularly in East Asia where myopic retinopathy has become one of the leading causes of blindness and visual impairment in the elderly population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of posterior scleral contraction/reinforcement (PSCR) surgery on controlling the progressive elongation of axial length of highly myopic eyes in young patients. Methods: This is a prospective self-controlled interventional case series. Forty young patients (<18-years old) with progressive high myopia received PSCR with a genipin-crosslinked donor scleral strip for one eye and the fellow eye served as concurrent control without surgery. The main outcome measurement was the change of axial length over 2 to 3 years of follow-up. Results: Immediately after the surgery, axial length was shortened and subsequently increased by 0.32 mm over the follow-up period. In contrast, axial length of the fellow eyes increased by 0.82 mm over the same period (P < 0.001, paired t-test). PSCR delayed axial elongation in eyes with or without staphyloma. No significant change of visual acuity, cornea refractive power, or retina thickness was noted between the surgery and fellow eyes. None of the patients lost visual acuity compared with the baseline. The procedure was well tolerated with only temporary corneal refractive axis shifts that recovered by the 6-month postsurgical visit. Conclusions: PSCR with genipin-crosslinked sclera is safe and effective to restrain eye globe elongation in young patients within a 2- to 3-year follow-up period.