Terminal Alkyne Coupling Reactions through a Ring: Mechanistic Insights and Regiochemical Switching

Abstract

The mechanism and selectivity of terminal alkyne coupling reactions promoted by rhodium(I) complexes of NHC-based CNC pincer ligands have been investigated. Synthetic and kinetic experiments support E- and gem-enyne formation through a common reaction sequence involving hydrometallation and rate-determining C-C bond reductive elimination. The latter is significantly affected by the ligand topology: Employment of a macrocyclic variant enforced exclusive head-to-head coupling, contrasting the high selectivity for head-to-tail coupling observed for the corresponding acyclic pincer ligand.