Artificial intelligence and machine learning in emergency medicine

TLDR

Artificial intelligence research has rapidly expanded, driven by deep learning successes, large datasets, and computing power, yet concerns about opacity, trust, and data security remain as AI integration into emergency medicine is anticipated. This perspective reviews current AI research applicable to emergency medicine.

Abstract

Interest in artificial intelligence (AI) research has grown rapidly over the past few years, in part thanks to the numerous successes of modern machine learning techniques such as deep learning, the availability of large datasets and improvements in computing power. AI is proving to be increasingly applicable to healthcare and there is a growing list of tasks where algorithms have matched or surpassed physician performance. Despite the successes there remain significant concerns and challenges surrounding algorithm opacity, trust and patient data security. Notwithstanding these challenges, AI technologies will likely become increasingly integrated into emergency medicine in the coming years. This perspective presents an overview of current AI research relevant to emergency medicine.