Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Shigella Species in Bangui, Central African Republic, from 2002 to 2013

Abstract

<i>Shigella</i> is a major cause of severe diarrhea in children less than the age of 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to describe the (sub-)serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of <i>Shigella</i> serogroups from Centrafrican patients with diarrhea between 2002 and 2013. We collected 443 <i>Shigella</i> isolates in total. The most common serogroups were <i>Shigella flexneri</i> (<i>N</i> = 243, 54.9%), followed by <i>Shigella sonnei</i> (<i>N</i> = 90, 20.3%) and <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> (<i>N</i> = 72, 16.3%). The high diversity of (sub-)serotypes of <i>S. flexneri</i> and <i>S. dysenteriae</i> may impede the development of an efficient vaccine. Rates of resistance were high for ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and cotrimoxazole but low for many other antimicrobials, confirming recommendations for the use of third-generation cephalosporins (only one organism resistant) and fluoroquinolones (no resistance). However, the detection of one extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing <i>Shigella</i> organism highlights the need for continued monitoring of antimicrobial drug susceptibility.