Effects of Education Based on Roy Adaptation Model on Diabetes Care Profile of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: In type 2 diabetes, adaptation to the disease and the treatment process is extremely important. The main methods employed to treat and manage type 2 diabetes are education, medication, nutrition, exercise, and insulin therapy. Objectives: The current study aimed at determining the effects of education based the Roy adaptation model on diabetes care profile (DCP) of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The current clinical and experimental study was conducted on 130 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to Ataturk University Research Hospital Endocrinology Policlinic, Erzurum, Turkey from April 2015 to August 2016, possessing the inclusion (N = 388). The study was conducted as a pre-test post-test control group. The study was conducted on 61 patients in the experimental and 65 in the control groups. The experimental group referred on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. Control group referred on Tuesdays and Thursdays. The patient identification form and Turkish version of diabetes care profile scale, developed by Ozcan were employed for data collection. The education and follow-up processes were completed in 12 weeks. The percentile, distribution, Chi-square, and the t-tests were employed to evaluate the data of the independent and paired groups. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The patients in the control group had pre-test and post-test scores of 2.43 ± 0.16 and 2.44 ± 00.15 in medical barriers, respectively (P = 0.269). In the experimental group, the scores of medical barriers were 2.45 ± 0.17 in the pre-test and 2.23 ± 0.37 in post-test (P < 0.05). Further, the patients in the control group had the pre-test and post-test scores of 2.49 ± 0.32 and 2.55 ± 0.31 in supportive attitude, respectively (P = 0.136). In the experimental group, the pre-test and post-test scores of supportive attitude were 2.55 ± 0.33 and 2.89 ± 0.48, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions: A positive impact was observed in the education of DCP based on Roy’s adaptation model.