Interactions of Genes and Sodium Intake on the Development of Hypertension: A Cohort-Based Case-Control Study

Abstract

There have been few studies investigating interactions of G-protein beta3 subunit (<i>GNB3</i>) C825T (rs5443) and dietary sodium intake on the risk of hypertension, i.e., BP salt sensitivity. The study aims to evaluate joint effects of <i>GNB3</i> polymorphisms and sodium consumption on the development of hypertension. A cohort-based case-control study was conducted in 2014. There are 233 participants with newly diagnosed hypertension in the case group and 699 participants in the gender-matched control group. The primary outcome is the development of hypertension over a 10-year period. The determinants of hypertension were three genotypes of SNP in <i>GNB3</i> (TT; CT; and CC) and two dietary salt categories on the basis of the level of sodium consumption representing high (>4800 mg/day) and low-sodium (.