Dynamically integrated transport approach for heavy-ion collisions at high baryon density

Abstract

We develop a new dynamical model for high-energy heavy-ion collisions in the beam energy region of the highest net-baryon densities on the basis of nonequilibrium microscopic transport model jam and macroscopic ($3+1$)-dimensional hydrodynamics by utilizing a dynamical initialization method. In this model, dynamical fluidization of a system is controlled by the source terms of the hydrodynamic fields. In addition, time-dependent core-corona separation of hot regions is implemented. We show that our new model describes multiplicities and mean transverse mass in heavy-ion collisions within a beam-energy region of $3<\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}<30$ GeV. Good agreement of the beam-energy dependence of the ${K}^{+}/{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ ratio is obtained, which is explained by the fact that a part of the system is not thermalized in our core-corona approach.