Flow theory – its application to coaching psychology

Abstract

Purpose: Being ‘in flow’ or ‘in the zone’ enables individuals to focus on tasks more fully and to maximise performance. As this phenomenon results in pleasure being experienced whilst mastery is gained, it can be a natural aid to goal-oriented activities such as coaching. This paper explores the applications of flow theory to coaching psychology. Method: Various conditions are thought to influence the acquisition and maintenance of psychological flow. These are reviewed and linked to the work of coaches and coaching psychologists. Results: The literature and models reviewed indicate that flow theory has a number of applications to coaching psychology, and that it can provide a useful framework for coaching psychology practice. Conclusions: This paper suggests how these factors may be captured by coaching methodology thereby: (i) helping the client and coach to find focus and fulfilment during sessions; and (ii) encouraging the client to remain ‘on task’ whilst engaging in goal actioning activities afterwards.