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Nicotine induced autophagy of Leydig cells rather than apoptosis is the major reason of the decrease of serum testosterone

MitophagyAndrologyEndocrine MechanismMajor ReasonMedicinePhysiologyAutophagyNicotineCell DeathEndocrinologyPharmacologyCell BiologySerum TestosteroneReproductive HormoneOxidative StressLeydig Cells