Functional and oncological outcomes of open, laparoscopic and robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy: a multicentre comparative matched‐pair analyses with a median of 5 years’ follow‐up

Abstract

In the present study, RAPN, LPN and OPN had similar local recurrence, distant metastasis and cancer-related death rates at a 5-year median follow-up. In terms of functional outcomes, RAPN was associated with a lower incidence of CKD upstaging compared with OPN and LPN.