Depdc5 knockdown causes <scp>mTOR</scp>‐dependent motor hyperactivity in zebrafish

Abstract

Abstract Objective DEPDC 5 was identified as a major genetic cause of focal epilepsy with deleterious mutations found in a wide range of inherited forms of focal epilepsy, associated with malformation of cortical development in certain cases. Identification of frameshift, truncation, and deletion mutations implicates haploinsufficiency of DEPDC 5 in the etiology of focal epilepsy. DEPDC 5 is a component of the GATOR 1 complex, acting as a negative regulator of mTOR signaling. Methods Zebrafish represents a vertebrate model suitable for genetic analysis and drug screening in epilepsy‐related disorders. In this study, we defined the expression of depdc5 during development and established an epilepsy model with reduced Depdc5 expression. Results Here we report a zebrafish model of Depdc5 loss‐of‐function that displays a measurable behavioral phenotype, including hyperkinesia, circular swimming, and increased neuronal activity. These phenotypic features persisted throughout embryonic development and were significantly reduced upon treatment with the mTORC 1 inhibitor, rapamycin, as well as overexpression of human WT DEPDC 5 transcript. No phenotypic rescue was obtained upon expression of epilepsy‐associated DEPDC 5 mutations (p.Arg487* and p.Arg485Gln), indicating that these mutations cause a loss of function of the protein. Interpretation This study demonstrates that Depdc5 knockdown leads to early‐onset phenotypic features related to motor and neuronal hyperactivity. Restoration of phenotypic features by WT but not epilepsy‐associated Depdc5 mutants, as well as by mTORC 1 inhibition confirm the role of Depdc5 in the mTORC 1‐dependent molecular cascades, defining this pathway as a potential therapeutic target for DEPDC 5 ‐inherited forms of focal epilepsy.