Seismic-Resistant Precast Concrete Structures: State of the Art

TLDR

Precast concrete enables durable, rapid construction, but its seismic performance hinges on connections, and research since the 1980s has produced systems and techniques tailored for high‑seismic‑hazard regions. This paper reviews the state of the art in precast concrete seismic systems, focusing on code developments and practical applications for moment frames, structural walls, floor diaphragms, and bridges. The review examines code updates and real‑world implementations across these four system types. The authors conclude that precast concrete is now feasible for seismic regions and that jointed connection innovations enhance building and bridge seismic performance.

Abstract

Precast concrete facilitates a construction method using durable and rapidly erectable prefabricated members to create cost-effective and high-quality structures. In this method, the connections between the precast members as well as between the members and the foundation require special attention to ensure good seismic performance. Extensive research conducted since the 1980s has led to new precast concrete structural systems, designs, details, and techniques that are particularly suited for use in regions of high seismic hazard. This paper reviews the state of the art of these advances, including code developments and practical applications, related to four different systems: (1) moment frames; (2) structural walls; (3) floor diaphragms; and (4) bridges. It is concluded from this review that the widespread use of precast concrete in seismic regions is feasible today and that the jointed connection innovation introduced through precast research leads to improved seismic performance of building and bridge structures.