Carbon Capture by Metal Oxides: Unleashing the Potential of the (111) Facet

Abstract

Solid metal oxides for carbon capture exhibit reduced adsorption capacity following high-temperature exposure, due to surface area reduction by sintering. Furthermore, only low-coordinate corner/edge sites on the thermodynamically stable (100) facet display favorable binding toward CO₂, providing inherently low capacity. The (111) facet, however, exhibits a high concentration of low-coordinate sites. In this work, MgO(111) nanosheets displayed high capacity for CO₂, as well as a ∼65% increase in capacity despite a ∼30% reduction in surface area following sintering (0.77 mmol g^-1 @ 227 m² g^-1 vs 1.28 mmol g^-1 @ 154 m² g^-1). These results, unique to MgO(111), suggest intrinsic differences in the effects of sintering on basic site retention. Spectroscopic and computational investigations provided a new structure-activity insight: the importance of high-temperature activation to unleash the capacity of the polar (111) facet of MgO. In summary, we present the first example of a faceted sorbent for carbon capture and challenge the assumption that sintering is necessarily a negative process; here we leverage high-temperature conditions for facet-dependent surface activation.