Removing Radium by Adding Preformed Hydrous Manganese Oxides

Abstract

Batch and pilot‐scale studies demonstrated that the addition of preformed hydrous manganese oxides (HMOs) appears to be a feasible approach to removing radium from drinking water. Major advantages of this process include use of existing treatment facilities and simplicity of operation. Furthermore, no irreversible effects are expected if the HMOs are under‐ or overdosed, other than possible inadequate radium removal or shortened filter runs.