A study of the non-Maxwellian pair-ion and pair-ion-electron plasmas

Abstract

The conditions for the existence of low-frequency electrostatic waves in a pair-ion plasma are discussed. It is shown that the temperature and/or mass difference of both species could produce different modes of waves in a pair-ion plasma with and without the presence of electrons. The theoretical results are compared with the results of experiments on the fullerene pair-ion plasma. The effects of non-thermal electrons on existence of various modes in pair-ion and pair-ion-electron plasmas have been discussed by using the Kappa distribution function. It has shown that the non-Maxwellian results approach to the Maxwellian by increasing the value of Kappa.