Drosophila melanogaster White Mutant w1118 Undergo Retinal Degeneration

Abstract

Key scientific discoveries have resulted from genetic studies of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, using a multitude of transgenic fly strains, the majority of which are constructed in a genetic background containing mutations in the <i>white</i> gene. Here we report that <i>white</i> mutant flies from <i>w</i>^<i>1118</i> strain undergo retinal degeneration. We observed also that <i>w</i>^<i>1118</i> mutants have progressive loss of climbing ability, shortened life span, as well as impaired resistance to various forms of stress. Retinal degeneration was abolished by transgenic expression of <i>mini-white</i>⁺ in the <i>white</i> null background <i>w</i>^<i>1118</i> . We conclude that beyond the classical eye-color phenotype, mutations in <i>Drosophila white</i> gene could impair several biological functions affecting parameters like mobility, life span and stress tolerance. Consequently, we suggest caution and attentiveness during the interpretation of old experiments employing <i>white</i> mutant flies and when planning new ones, especially within the research field of neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. We also encourage that the use of <i>w</i>^<i>1118</i> strain as a wild-type control should be avoided.