Management decision based on lymphovascular involvement leads to favorable outcomes after endoscopic treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

The long-term outcome after ESD for MM/SM1 ESCC was favorable with additional prophylactic therapy and strict adherence to follow-up. These results indicate that our management decision based on LVI is a valid approach and that ESD can be offered as a therapeutic option to MM/SM1 ESCCs.