Enhanced Expression of Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor in piggyBac Transposon-Engineered T Cells

Abstract

Adoptive T cell therapy using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells is a promising cancer immunotherapy. We previously developed a non-viral method of gene transfer into T cells using a <i>piggyBac</i> transposon system to improve the cost-effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy. Here, we have further improved our technology by a novel culture strategy to increase the transfection efficiency and to reduce the time of T cell manufacturing. Using a CH2CH3-free CD19-specific CAR transposon vector and combining irradiated activated T cells (ATCs) as feeder cells and virus-specific T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, we achieved 51.4% ± 14% CAR⁺ T cells and 2.8-fold expansion after 14 culture days. Expanded CD19.CAR-T cells maintained a significant fraction of CD45RA⁺CCR7⁺ T cells and demonstrated potent antitumor activity against CD19⁺ leukemic cells both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Therefore, <i>piggyBac</i>-based gene transfer may provide an alternative to viral gene transfer for CAR-T cell therapy.