Spatial distribution of total and bioavailable heavy metal contents in soil from agricultural, residential, and industrial areas in Sudan

Abstract

The current work aims at determining and assessing the total and bioavailable concentrations of some heavy metals, besides some properties, in soil samples from agricultural, industrial, and residential areas in Sudan. The GIS maps show similar trend of all examined metals in Marawi (the Northern state) area and different trends in other areas. Cluster analysis of the total contents of heavy metals shows the classification of 18 locations in Alhasahisa area in one group while the rest of locations from the three examined areas scattered in other nine groups with high variations.