Spiking Neural P Systems With Colored Spikes

Abstract

Spiking neural P systems (SN P systems) are bio-inspired neural-like computing models, which are obtained by abstracting the way of biological neurons' spiking and communication by means of spikes in central nervous systems. SN P systems performed well in describing and modeling behaviors that occur simultaneously, yet weak at modeling complex systems with the limits of using a single spike. In this paper, drawing on the idea from colored petri nets, SN P systems with colored spikes are proposed, where a finite set of colors is introduced to mark the spikes such that each spike is associated with a unique color. The updated spiking rule is applied by consuming and emitting a number of colored spikes (with the same or different colors). The computation power of the systems is investigated. Specifically, it is shown that SN P systems with colored spikes having three neurons are sufficient to compute Turing computable sets of numbers, and such system having two neurons is able to compute the family of recursive functions. These results improved the corresponding ones on the number of neurons needed to construct universal SN P systems recently appeared in [Neurocomputing, 2016, 193(12): 193-200]. To our best knowledge, this is the smallest number of neurons used to construct Turing universal SN P systems as number generator and function computing device by far.