Epicardial electroanatomical mapping, radiofrequency ablation, and lesion imaging in the porcine left ventricle under real-time magnetic resonance imaging guidance—an in vivo feasibility study

Abstract

The MR-EP system was able to successfully acquire epicardial voltage and activation maps in swine, deliver, and visualize ablation lesions, demonstrating feasibility for intraprocedural guidance and real-time assessment of ablation injury.