Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Propolis Ethanolic Extract from Tetragonula Bee

Abstract

Bees produce propolis, a mixture of bee saliva and gum produced by leaf buds and stems, which come out through plant's skin collected by bees. It has a characteristic aromatic smell and odor; its range color varies from light to dark brown, red, yellow, or green, depending on its age and source. 2 Chemical composition, which bees collect from the resinous plant parts, may influence its biological effect. The composition of propolis depends on diverse vegetation, phytogeographic region, and time of the collection. esults from previous researchers found more than 300 components contained in propolis i.e. aromatic acids; aromatics esters; flavanones; flavones and flavonol; chalcones and dihydrochalcones; terpenoids; acyclic hydrocarbons and esters; alcohols; aliphatic acids (short-chain); aliphatic esters; aliphatic fatty acids (long-chain) and esters; amino acids; aromatic hydrocarbons; acetophenones and other ketones; glycerol derivatives; steroids; sugars and sugar alcohols; and miscellaneous ingredients. The quantification of the phytochemical content of propolis can be determined