Nitric Oxide Releasing Polymeric Coatings for the Prevention of Biofilm Formation

Abstract

The ability of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing polymer coatings to prevent biofilm formation is described. NO-releasing coatings on (poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and silicone elastomer (SE)) were fabricated using aminosilane precursors. Pristine PET and SE were oxygen plasma treated, followed by immobilisation of two aminosilane molecules: <i>N</i>-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)diethylenetriamine (DET3) and <i>N</i>-(3-trimethoxysilyl)propyl)aniline (PTMSPA). <i>N</i>-diazeniumdiolate nitric oxide donors were formed at the secondary amine sites on the aminosilane molecules producing NO-releasing polymeric coatings. The NO payload and release were controlled by the aminosilane precursor, as DET3 has two secondary amine sites and PTMSPA only one. The antibacterial efficacy of these coatings was tested using a clinical isolate of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (PA14). All NO-releasing coatings in this study were shown to significantly reduce <i>P. aeruginosa</i> adhesion over 24 h with the efficacy being a function of the aminosilane modification and the underlying substrate. These NO-releasing polymers demonstrate the potential and utility of this facile coating technique for preventing biofilms for indwelling medical devices.