Semiconductive Copper(I)–Organic Frameworks for Efficient Light‐Driven Hydrogen Generation Without Additional Photosensitizers and Cocatalysts

Abstract

As the first example of a photocatalytic system for splitting water without additional cocatalysts and photosensitizers, the comparatively cost-effective Cu₂ I₂ -based MOF, Cu-I-bpy (bpy=4,4'-bipyridine) exhibited highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production (7.09 mmol g^-1 h^-1 ). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations established the electronic structures of Cu-I-bpy with a narrow band gap of 2.05 eV, indicating its semiconductive behavior, which is consistent with the experimental value of 2.00 eV. The proposed mechanism demonstrates that Cu₂ I₂ clusters of Cu-I-bpy serve as photoelectron generators to accelerate the copper(I) hydride interaction, providing redox reaction sites for hydrogen evolution. The highly stable cocatalyst-free and self-sensitized Cu-I-bpy provides new insights into the future design of cost-effective d¹⁰ -based MOFs for highly efficient and long-term solar fuels production.