Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Organic Halides and Their Surrogates with Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

Carbon dioxide is not only an essential component of ‘greenhouse gases’, but also an abundant, renewable C1 feedstock in organic synthesis. The catalytic incorporation of carbon dioxide into value-added chemicals to produce carboxylic acids has received enormous attention. This review summarizes recent developments in the transition-metal-catalyzed carboxylation of organic halides and their surrogates, such as aryl, vinyl, and alkyl halides and pseudohalides. 1 Introduction 2 Carboxylation of Aryl Halides and Pseudohalides 3 Carboxylation of Vinyl Halides and Pseudohalides 4 Carboxylation of Benzyl Halides and Pseudohalides 5 Carboxylation of Allyl Halides and Pseudohalides 6 Carboxylation of Propargyl Halides and Pseudohalides 7 Carboxylation of Alkyl Halides and Pseudohalides 8 Direct Carboxylation of C–H Bonds 9 Conclusions and Perspectives