PDAC-derived exosomes enrich the microenvironment in MDSCs in a <i>SMAD4</i>-dependent manner through a new calcium related axis

Abstract

PDAC-derived Exo from cells with<i>,</i> but mainly from those without <i>SMAD4</i> expression, create an immunosuppressive myeloid cell background by increasing calcium fluxes and glycolysis through the transfer of <i>SMAD4</i>-related differentially expressed miRNAs and proteins.