The pulsating nature of large-scale Saharan dust transport as a result of interplays between mid-latitude Rossby waves and the North African Dipole Intensity

Abstract

Saharan dust transport out of Africa shows a pulsed behaviour. The North African Dipole Intensity (NAFDI) modulates Saharan dust export. NAFDI intra-seasonal variations are driven by mid-latitude Rossby waves. NAFDI drives the temporal evolution of the Saharan Heat Low longitudinal shift. NAFDI may modulate dust emission in central-western Sahara.