Tuning the Catalytic Alkyne Metathesis Activity of Molybdenum and Tungsten 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzylidyne Complexes with Fluoroalkoxide Ligands OC(CF₃)_<i>n</i>Me_3–<i>n</i> (<i>n</i> = 0–3)

Abstract

The molybdenum and tungsten 2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidyne complexes [MesC≡M{OC(CF3)nMe3–n}3] (M = Mo: MoF0, n = 0; MoF3, n = 1; MoF6, n = 2; MoF9, n = 3; M = W: WF3, n = 1; Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) were prepared by the reaction of the tribromides [MesC≡MBr3(dme)] (dme = 1,2-dimethoxyethane) with the corresponding potassium alkoxides KOC(CF3)nMe3–n. The molecular structures of all complexes were established by X-ray diffraction analysis. The catalytic activity of the resulting alkylidyne complexes in the homometathesis and ring-closing alkyne metathesis of internal and terminal alkynes was studied, revealing a strong dependency on the fluorine content of the alkoxide ligand. The different catalytic performances were rationalized by DFT calculations involving the metathesis model reaction of 2-butyne. Because the calculations predict the stabilization of metallacyclobutadiene (MCBD) intermediates by increasing the degree of fluorination, MoF9 was treated with 3-hexyne to afford the MCBD complex [(C3Et3)Mo{OC(CF3)3}3], which was characterized spectroscopically.