Bootstrapping for Numerical Open IE

Abstract

We design and release BONIE, the first open numerical relation extractor, for extracting Open IE tuples where one of the arguments is a number or a quantity-unit phrase. BONIE uses bootstrapping to learn the specific dependency patterns that express numerical relations in a sentence. BONIE's novelty lies in task-specific customizations, such as inferring implicit relations, which are clear due to context such as units (for e.g., 'square kilometers' suggests area, even if the word 'area' is missing in the sentence). BONIE obtains 1.5x yield and 15 point precision gain on numerical facts over a state-of-the-art Open IE system. 1 * Most work was done when the author was a graduate student at IIT Delhi. 1 https://github.com/knowitall/openie 1. Sentence: Hong Kong's labour force is 3.5 million. Open IE 4.2: (Hong Kong's labour force; is; 3.5 million) BONIE: (Hong Kong; has labour force of; 3.5 million) 2. Sentence: Microsoft has 100,000 employees. Open IE 4