A novel electric vehicles charging/discharging scheme with load management protocol

Abstract

In this paper the bidirectional power flow between electric vehicle (EV) and grid; Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), is exploited to reduce the negative impact of the huge EV penetration on the current electric networks. We make profit from the unused electric power of EVs and we present an EV load management technique based on EV charging and EV discharging coordination. We propose two algorithms: the first one is the peak load management (PLM) used to schedule EVs for charging or discharging service according to the power demand with the timing and location where each EV need to be served, the second one is the guidance algorithm (GA) used to guide each EV to the appropriate EVSE in the way to reduce its waiting time to plugin. Those algorithms are evaluated while considering mobility of vehicles in an urban scenario and time-of-use-pricing (TOUP). Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach when considering realistic EVs and charging station characteristics and constraints.