Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Halides to Produce Primary Amides by Using NH₄HCO₃ Dually as Ammonia Surrogate and Base

Abstract

Abstract An efficient and clean protocol was developed for rapid production of primary aromatic amides by aminocarbonylation with NH 4 HCO 3 . Without addition of auxiliary base, the use of solid and cheap NH 4 HCO 3 dually as ammonia surrogate and base not only promoted aminocarbonylation over subsequent dehydration and hydrolysis of amides owing to its weak basicity, and it also made the reaction manipulation clean and simplified without the presence of stinky NH 3 or organic amines. The Xantphos ligand with relatively intensive π‐acceptor character ( 1 J 31P–77Se =758 Hz) and wide natural bite angle ( β n =111°) was found to be indispensable for the high efficiency of this reaction.